The words g, gee sound the same but have different meanings and spellings. Why do g, gee sound the same even though they are completely different words?
The answer is simple: g, gee are homophones of the English language.
Music A string, key, or pipe tuned to the pitch of this tone.
The seventh letter of the modern English alphabet.
Any of the speech sounds represented by the letter g.
The seventh in a series.
The letter g.
Used to command an animal pulling a load to turn to the right.
To turn to the right.
Used as a mild expletive or exclamation, as of surprise, enthusiasm, or sympathy.
Definitions from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 4th Edition and Wordnik.
Homophones (literally "same sound") are usually defined as words that share the same pronunciation, regardless of how they are spelled.
If they are spelled the same then they are also homographs (and homonyms); if they are spelled differently then they are also heterographs (literally "different writing").